Examining the Impact of COVID-19 in Indonesia through Household Electricity Consumption and Modern Lifestyle

The COVID-19 pandemic had a noticeable effect on household energy consumption. In addition, modern architecture has driven growth in Indonesia's property sector in recent years and is one of the biggest energy consumers. The COVID-19 pandemic along with modern lifestyles like using advanced residential appliances have contributed to increased energy consumption in Indonesia. Homeowners do notice an impact on their electricity usage from a large-scale social restriction policy (PSBB). Predicting appliance future utilization and optimizing space are key to the energy management of residential buildings. Data collected from 150 households in Sumatra and Java Island, Indonesia, were used to compare three different house designs. The purpose of this study is to determine whether household lifestyle influences residential energy consumption. According to the analysis, household electricity consumption increased by around 11% between 2020 and 2019. eQUEST simulation analysis reveals that roof design has a small impact on reducing energy consumption. In three urban centers in Indonesia: Batam, Semarang, and Jakarta, it did not show a significant reduction in electricity consumption. The largest contributor to energy consumption patterns is household habits. The use of miscellaneous equipment (laptop, handphone, water pump, washing machine) and the use of air conditioners have significant effects on energy choice behavior, emphasizing the importance of building planning. Changing electricity usage behavior and water-saving management can lead to achieving energy efficiency targets in residential buildings. © 2023 by authors, all rights reserved.

What We Can Learn from Vernacular House and COVID-19 Infection? A Review of Mbaru Niang, Flores, Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that the current ventilation design, especially in residential buildings, may not provide healthy air exchange. Since current buildings in tropical climate only focused on cooling, its have become sites of rapid COVID-19 transmission. In order to avoid indoor SARS-Cov-2 transmission, some studies recommended an increase in air supply with a higher air exchange rate and to reduce the usage of the air conditioner. Flores has been designated one of the top Indonesian tourism destinations. However, access to transportation is still tricky. Analysis of local materials, culture, and weather can reduce the building cost and preserved local value to become the area's identity. Vernacular housing in Indonesia has adapted well to climatic conditions in different locations by using natural ventilation that ensures thermal comfort. We propose a ventilation design with natural ventilation from Mbaru Niang's traditional house. It was found that raised floor, verandah, and sun shading can reduce the hot temperature from solar radiation and hot wind from the sea breeze. This modern building concept can become a practical, healthy, and environmentally friendly solution for building in Flores, Indonesia. Introduction. © The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

In Silico Study of Entry Inhibitor from Moringa oleifera Bioactive Compounds against SARS-CoV-2 Infection

The aim of this study is to screen the content of bioactive compounds of Moringa oleifera and to identify its potential as an antiviral against COVID 19 through an entry inhibitor mechanism using bioinformatics tools. The sample was obtained from PubChem database. Amino acis sequences were obtained from the NCBI. Protein modeling is made through the SWISSMODEL site. The target proteins for this study were SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and RdRp. The protein-inhibitory interaction of the drug from M. oleifera bioactive compounds to SARS-CoV-2 was predicted by molecular docking with PyRx software.The result shows that M. oleifera was a potential antiviral candidate for SARS-CoV-2 with an entry inhibitor mechanism through a compound, especially quercetin. The RFMS value of both interactions between Mpro and quercetion and RdRp with quercetin were not higher than 1.05. This result still needed further research to prove this prediction. Copyright © 2022 Phcogj.Com. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

In Silico Screening of Bioactive Compounds from Syzygium cumini L. and Moringa oleifera L. Against SARS-CoV-2 via Tetra Inhibitors

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has caused disastrous consequences for both humans and the economy. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential of juwet (Syzygium cumini L.) and moringa (Moringa oleifera L.) as inhibitors of RBD spike, helicase, Mpro, and RdRp activity of SARS-CoV-2 with an in-silico approach. Samples were obtained from PubChem and RSCB PDB databases. The drug similarity analysis was determined using Swiss ADME and the Lipinski rule of five. Prediction of antivirus probabilities is carried out with PASS Online. Molecular screening is performed by molecular docking using PyRx. Visualization was used using PyMol and Discovery Studio. The bioactive compounds with the best antiviral potential had the lowest affinity bonds to the target proteins against RBD spike, helicase, Mpro, and RdRp of SARS-CoV-2. Results show that ellagic acid from java plum and myricetin from moringa have the best potential as potential antivirals. However, more research is required to validate the results of these computational predictions.

Tsunami mitigation – online learning effectiveness by using ombak learning model

Many communities in Indonesia are potentially affected by tsunamis but do not have adequate preparedness in dealing with such disasters. This study aims to improve the preparedness capacity of the people living around the coast that are potentially affected by the tsunami through tsunami mitigation learning by using OMBAK learning model. The learning is done online to avoid the transmission of covid-19. Before the online learning begins, the student community is asked to work on the tsunami mitigation pre-test. The number of people living around the coast who took part in this learning was 62 people, ranging in age from 13 to 55 years old. Furthermore, students were briefed via a zoom meeting (synchronous) about the implementation of this online learning, especially relating on how to learn tsunami mitigation by using disaster mitigation video media. In this tsunami mitigation learning process, students are allowed to learn asynchronously. We also allow students to discuss tsunami mitigation materials through the WhatApp Group (WAG) during the learning process. After completing the learning process, students were asked to work on post-test questions. Based on the results of the percentage analysis on the learning implementation, it was found that the implementation of tsunami mitigation learning by using OMBAK learning model was carried out very well. In addition, based on the analysis of t-test and gain score from pre-test and post-test data, it was obtained that there was a significant increase in the students’ tsunami mitigation ability. © 2021, Tsunami Society. All rights reserved.